雪竇重顯(980-1052)為北宋時期禪宗雲門派下重要禪師,透過雪竇七集的研究,我們可得知雪竇以多元的開堂、上堂、示眾、小參、晚參、勘辯、拈古、室中舉古、代別和頌古等方式教育其弟子。藉由這些方式,雪竇門人或可直接聽到雪竇說法,習知禪宗典籍中禪師與僧人或居士之對答,或是藉由發問而親自接受到雪竇的回應。這種注重長老住持的引導,以及和弟子的互動模式,是宋代禪門修行所發展出來的特別教育方式。
此外,本書認為雪竇七集中雪竇提舉古則的方式,削弱了記傳體中屬於特定時空人物的資訊,或是禪師的叮嚀囑咐說法後,形成了具有特殊文字效果的古則公案文體。從修禪的角度來說,這種經過修改的古則公案,常戛然而止於一句頗具震撼力的結語,使得這種古則公案,成為非常合適參究的內容。
●作者簡介:
黃繹勳
美國維吉尼亞大學宗教學博士,現任佛光大學佛教學系副教授,主要著作有Integrating Chinese Buddhism: A Study of Yongming Yanshou's Guanxin Xuanshu (2005) 和《宋代禪宗辭書《祖庭事苑》之研究》(2011)。
This study reassesses an old problem in the history of Chinese Buddhism, the origins and nature of the Zengyi ahan jing 增一阿含經 (Taishō 125). It does so by a close investigation of the Chinese translation of the Ekottarika-āgama at the end of the fourth century and of its most important witness, the Fenbie gongde lun 分別功德論 (Taishō 1507). It is argued that the latter document, whose original title was Zengyi ahan jing shu 增一阿含經疏, should be seen as an unfinished commentary to the newly translated collection, produced within the original translation team (including Dao’an 道安, Zhu Fonian 竺佛念 and the Indo-Bactrian master Dharmananda) during the tumultuous end of the Qin秦 empire of Fu Jian苻堅in A.D. 385. This reconstruction yields further insights into the cultural origins of the Chinese Ekottarika-āgama, and its broader significance for the history of Buddhism.
●作者簡介(About the Author): Antonello Palumbo is Lecturer in Chinese Religions at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
The present book collects various research papers by Bhikkhu Anālayo with translations of Madhyama-āgama discourses and a comparative study of their Pāli parallels, together with a brief discussion, found in the appendix, of the school affiliation of the Madhyama-āgama and its relation to the Majjhima-nikāya. The main emphasis in these studies is on detecting possible transmission errors in the Pāli versions through the help of the parallel Madhyama-āgama discourse. Topics taken up in the course of the different studies are the Buddha’s decision to teach, the role of investigation in early Buddhism, the notion of a recluse, the relationship between tranquillity and insight, the lateness of the dictum that a woman cannot be a Buddha, the beginnings of the Abhidharma, meditation on emptiness in early Buddhism, the development of the arahant ideal, the canonical account of the founding of the order of nuns, and the relationship between karma and liberation.
●作者簡介:Bhikkhu Anālayo was born in Germany in 1962 and ordained in Sri Lanka in 1995. He completed a Ph.D. thesis at the University of Peradeniya (Sri Lanka) in 2000 and a habilitation thesis at the University of Marburg (Germany) in 2007. At present, he teaches at the Center for Buddhist Studies, University of Hamburg, and researches at Dharma Drum Buddhist College (Taiwan).